
Italy
Federica Mogherini
2014–2019
European CommissionHigh Representative of EU Foreign Affairs and Security Policy
Actions
Direct Involvement
Killing by DrowningMare Nostrum → Triton
Sources alleged that it was Mogherini who crafted the policy with Frontex Executive Director - Indeed, she (with Avramopoulos) introduced a "10 point plan of the immediate actions to be taken in response to the crisis situation in the Mediteranean" which was approved by all EU Foreign Miniters. (See, The Commission, B, Implication in relevant policies, c Implementation of Triton) She presentened operational plan for Triton; She acknowledged that JO Triton would have a smaller scale than MN since MN was an incentive for migration.
Direct Involvement
Killing by DrowningSophia → Destruction of Boats
The "10 point plan" presented by Mogherini included strenghtening the mandate of Frontex + "systematic efforts to capture and destroy vessels used by the smugglers" (See, Commission, B implication in relevant policies, I End of MN and launch of Triton, d involvement in migration policies in the Med). Sources link Operation Sophia to Mogherini
Direct Involvement
Refoulement by ProxyNGO Persecution
On the 28th of August 2017, she made a joint declaration with heads of States and governments of France, Spain, Germany, Italy, Niger, Tchad and the President of the Libyan Presidential Council, calling all SAR NGO to sign and comply with the code of conduct, that would “constitute a beneficial step to improve the coordination and effectiveness of rescues.
Direct Involvement
Refoulement by ProxyGACS/LYCG Training
In January 2017, the Commission published a joint communication titled "Migration on the Central Mediterranean Route: Managing flows, saving lives". It i unclear who in the Commission wrote this, but there is allegations that Mogherini and Commissionner Hahn wrote it. On this Communication the Commission emphasized a continuing support for the training of the LYCG (See, The Commission, B Implication in relevant policies, I End of MN and launch of Triton, d involvement in migration policies in the Med). She signed on the 20 June 2016 Council decision to extend the mandate of Sophia to include capacity building and training of LYCG. She took part in the aspects of the July 2017 Commission’s Action Plan to support Italy, relating to the Union's foreign and security policy and dedicated to stepping up formation of the LYCG. In that regard, she asserted that the strategic review and the extension of the Sophia operation may further contribute to the success of these actions.
Direct Involvement
Refoulement by ProxyTripoli MRCC
It is likely that he participated to readact the joint Commication of the Commission titled "Managing flows, saving lives", in which the emphasis was put on the support to the LYCG and to the establishment of an MRCC in Tripoli (See, Commission, European Agenda on Migration)
Indirect Involvement
Refoulement by ProxyInformation Sharing & Collecting
It is likely that she participated to readact the joint Commication of the Commission titled "Managing flows, saving lives", in which the emphasis was put on the support to the LYCG and to the establishment of an MRCC in Tripoli (See, Commission, European Agenda on Migration)
Direct Involvement
Refoulement by ProxyInformation Sharing & Collecting
The "10 point plan" proposed by Mogherini included strengthening inter-agency cooperation to gather information on smugglers modus operendi. The "10 point plan" prioritized strenghtening the u's capacity to control borders rather than it's capacity to save lives. (See, Commission, B implication in relevant policies, I End of MN and launch of Triton, d involvement in migration policies in the Med).
Indirect Involvement
A document published in October 2015, revealed that Mogherini "had been engaged in extensive diplomatic contacts with a view to finding an agreement to the crisis in Libya" (See, Commission, C implication in relevant policies, I End of MN and launch of Triton, d involvement in migration policies in the Med).