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Poland

Ewa Kopacz

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Indirect Involvement

Killing by DrowningMare Nostrum → Triton

Functional responsibility for the decisions of the European Council

This includes:

  • the Council conclusions in March 2015, which called for “strengthening Triton" (See European Council Report, 2015 – Operation Triton).

  • the Council conclusions in April 2015, which increased funds for Operations Triton and Poseidon without meaningfully expanding the operation’s search and rescue activities (See European Council Report, 2015 – Operation Triton).

Direct Involvement

Killing by DrowningBoats → Drones & Planes

The V4 also held a meeting with the German Foreign Minister, Frank Walter Steinmeier, and the Luxembourg Foreign Minister, Jean Asselborn, on the topic of migration on 11 September 2015.1 They issued a Joint Communiqué putting forward several points, notably a call for a reinforcement of Operation Sophia (See V4 Report; Czech Presidency July 2015–June 2016)

Indirect Involvement

Killing by DrowningSophia → Destruction of Boats

Functional responsibility for the decisions of the European Council

This includes:

  • the Council conclusions in April 2015, which aksed the Commission to lay the groundwork for an anti-smuggling operation, which would become Operation Sophia (See European Council Report, 2015 – Operation Triton).

Direct Involvement

Killing by DrowningRefoulement by ProxySystematic Discrimination

The Polish government under the suspect  argued against the migrant-quota implementation like its V4 counterparts (See V4 Report, Czech Presidency).

Indirect Involvement

Refoulement by ProxyGACS/LYCG Training

Functional responsibility for the decisions of the European Council 03/2011–06/2017:

This includes:

  • November 2015 Action Plan decided at the Valletta Summit, which launched the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa to assist with “migration management projects" and thus created a financial tool for the future trainig of the LYCG (See European Council Report, 2015 – Valletta Summit). (See European Council Report, 2015 – Valletta Summit)

Indirect Involvement

Refoulement by ProxyInformation Sharing & Collecting

Functional responsibility for the decisions of the European Council

This includes:

  • November 2015 Action Plan decided at the Valletta Summit, which laid the groundwork for sharing maritime surveillance data with Libya. (See European Council Report, 2015 – Valletta Summit)