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The Netherlands

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Indirect Involvement

Refoulement by ProxyNGO Persecution

The Netherlands raised the technical requirements for rescue NGO ships to a degree under which a number of rescue NGOs could no longer operate. By doing so, Netherlands opened the way to what would soon become a widely shared policy over the continent: the  inhibition of NGOs actions in the Mediterranean at all costs. (See NL Report, NGO Criminalization). The suspects exact involvement is unclear.

Indirect Involvement

Refoulement by ProxyGACS/LYCG Training

The suspect as Minister of Defence is in charge of the protection of the borders. To this effect he manages the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee (KMar) and the Seaport Police. (See NL Report, Ministry of Defense).